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Gothic architecture was created
in France in the century or so before 1240. This was one of the most
extraordinary moments in cultural history, when a traditional
society entirely remade its own image. It was a process of
redefinition that has never occurred, before the great creative acts
of our own times.
There is no complete record of
that architecture. Excellent studies have been made of particular
buildings, and the general outline of the evolution of gothic has
been well-popularised. But this is all based on a flimsy foundation:
of 1500 buildings built in the Paris Basin during this time, parts
of only twenty can be dated with any certitude. We do not have a
comprehensive chronology, and as a result no one has been able to
write a coherent history. The steps that led to the creation of the
gothic style are understood only in the broadest outlines. The
details are lacking.
The first aim of this thesaurus
is to provide illustration of the 700 more significant buildings,
with general photographs, description of construction, drawings of
profile and all the carved capitals.
The second aim is to develop a
consistent chronology from a rigorous analysis of all the surviving
evidence, within the few boundaries established in the documents.
After many visits to all these buildings over thirty-eight years I
became convinced that only capitals could be relied on to provide
this chronology. Without a chronology there is no history. It is for
this reason that the first five volumes concentrate on this carved
work.
The third aim is, from this
chronology, to identify the time and place for each of the creative
inventions that produced Gothic.
Volumes 1 and 2 covered the years
from the 1170s, when the foliage was transformed from formal to
natural, to the completion of la Sainte-Chapelle in the 1240s.
Photos of some ten thousand capitals were included, and over three
hundred relevant documents were translated.
Volume 3 has the capitals from
all the buildings up to the transformation of the 1120s, when
carving in archaic style became formal. This will have about five
thousand photographs.
Volumes 4 and 5 will include
thirteen thousand capitals from the formal period, from the first
transformation that began around 1120 to the end of the second in
1180.
Volume 6 will provide an analysis
of this sculptural collection and the identification of some of the
most creative individuals. It will include an analysis of work
practices on large sites to understand their contractual methods,
and descriptions of the sculptured portals. The chronology from the
previous volumes will supply a graphic reassessment of their
changing views of sculpture.
Volume 7 applies this chronology
to the invention and evolution of the rib vault from the early 1080s
to Saint-Denis in the 1140s. This invention, that at first was used
as a decorative device, had the most powerful long-term influence on
the nature of architecture and the builders who created it.
Volumes 8 and 9 will concentrate
on the master masons themselves, their methods and identities with
an attempt to write a coherent history of the creation of the gothic
style based on the previous volumes.
It is my intention to create,
with both visual and written information, a solid foundation for all
future studies of the architecture of this most creative period.
These volumes will be a resource for restoring existing churches and
for building new ones. The enormous range of medieval creativity may
offer endless stimulation for artists in other disciplines. These
books should certainly be in libraries and in every town with any
medieval architecture.
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